Turner Cars

The Turner Manufacturing Company originated as an engineering business around the middle of the 19^th century. In 1902 the company’s owner, James Burns Dumbell, a very astute business man, decided that the way forward lay in the production of motor cars, and so the manufacturing rights of a well established vehicle, the Belgian Miesse steam car were obtained from the Brussels based company of J. Miesse. The Miesse steam cars were a first class design and proved to be very popular in Europe. At this time petrol engines not always reliable and so there was a place in the market, albeit briefly, for steam cars.

The Turner-Miesse steam car from 1904 that's on display at the
Black Country Living Museum, Dudley.

The Turner-Miesse steam cars were initially produced at the company's works in Walsall Street. The car had a three cylinder, single acting engine (steam only admitted above the piston) with a paraffin-fired flash boiler.

The engine had a bore of 50mm and a stroke of 80mm, and used poppet valves.

The flash boiler was of the Serpollet type with a pressure of 50 to 600p.s.i. depending upon the load from the engine.

Drawing courtesy of David Beere.

John Tilley and Ray Salisbury in the 1904 Turner-Miesse car on a wet day at the Black Country Living Museum .

It is believed that Turners purchased the complete running chassis from Miesse and possibly just added the bodywork, although they may even have purchased the car as a whole from the Belgian company.

The 1904 car at the Black Country Living Museum was recently restored by John Tilley, an expert on steam cars. He found that many of the parts carried Belgian names and so it does look as though the early Turner cars were in fact built in Belgium.

Most of the nuts and bolts in the restored car are imperial, as are most of the threaded bolt holes. This may of course be the result of earlier restoration work.

After 1907 when Turner's ended their link with Miesse, it appears that they built complete cars for the first time. Which is probably why the later Turner steam cars are very different.

The transmission was by a spur gear, direct from the crankshaft to the differential countershaft, with cranks, side chains, and a dead axle. The body was of the Tonneau type, meaning that it had an open rear passenger compartment.

In 1904 the car sold for £485 (excluding lamps, hood and windscreen), and Turner also offered a luxurious landaulette for about £800.

An advert from 1904.

A Turner-Miesse Landaulette.

The fuel consumption was as follows:

3 miles to a gallon of water
(16 gallons could be carried).
10 miles to a gallon of paraffin
(9 gallons could be carried).

The car could achieve a maximum speed on the level of 33m.p.h. with a running cost of about one halfpenny per mile. It achieved some success in hill-climb competitions, where it always got to the top, even if it took time to do so. The company also built some steam-powered commercial vehicles.

The steering wheel and controls of the 1904 Turner-Miesse steam car that's on display at the Black Country Living Museum.

Another view of the car with the bonnet removed to show the cover over the steam engine.

A closer view of the engine compartment.

The car's two steam gauges and associated pipework.

The crankshaft from the the 1904 Turner-Miesse steam car that's on display at the Black Country Living Museum.

The cylinder block and pistons from the 1904 Turner-Miesse steam car that's on display at the Black Country Living Museum.

From 'The Motor-Car Journal' November 24th, 1906. Courtesy of Ray Jones.

Miesse ended their involvement with Turners in 1907 when the sales of steam cars began to decline.

Turner however, continued to produce steam cars in ever decreasing numbers until 1913.

In 1906 the firm became a private limited company under the name of the Turner Motor Manufacturing Company Limited, based at Wulfruna Works in Lever Street, with Mr. J. B. Dumbell as Managing Director.

An advert from 1910.

Another advert from 1910.

An advert from 1909.

Around the same time they began to manufacture their first petrol engined cars under the name of Seymour-Turner.

Seymours were London based dealers and the new car made its first appearance at the 1906 Motor Show.

Production only lasted for one year and so only small numbers could have been built.

The first petrol car to carry the Turner name appeared at the 1908 Motor Show at Olympia. The light car, a 2 seater, was powered by a 9hp. air cooled ‘V’ twin engine and had a 2 speed gearbox.

Other models soon followed. In 1909 a car powered by a 10hp. four cylinder, water-cooled engine, went into production and sold for £182.

This was soon followed by a larger 15hp. model. Sales were good, both at home and abroad.

The Turner 2 seater petrol car that's on display at the Black Country Living Museum, Dudley. It was built in 1911.

An inside view of the Turner 2 seater petrol car at the Black Country Living Museum, Dudley.

The 9hp. Turner petrol car sold for £135 at the beginning of 1912. It had an air-cooled engine with accumulator-coil ignition. A more expensive model, priced at £150 had a water-cooled engine and magneto-ignition.

The car had a pressed steel body, inswept at the front to provide ample steering lock, and a subsidiary frame to which the engine and gearbox were attached.

The 9hp. twin cylinder car from 1912.

An advert from 1913.

The vertical twin cylinder 'V' type engine had an external flywheel and a gearbox with two forward speeds, reverse, and a free position. The engine bore was 86mm with a 92mm stroke. The engine was transversely mounted in the channel-steel frame, just behind the driving seat. Half-elliptic springs were fitted at the front of the car, and quarter-elliptic springs at the back to give a very comfortable ride. The car weighed-in at just over 7cwt. and came complete with a kit of tools, but the lamps, horn, screen, and hood were extras.

The 1912 10hp. Turner light car.

An advert from 1913.

Another view of a Turner light car, minus the bodywork.

The car had a four-cylinder engine, chain driven timing gear, thermo-syphon cooling, and magneto ignition.

The back axle was worm-driven from a cone-clutch, and three-speed, and reverse gear box.

The Turner 10hp. four-cylinder engine that was fitted to the light car.

The worm-driven back axle in the 10hp. Turner light car.

The Turner 10h.p., 4 cylinder, water cooled, petrol car that's on display at the Black Country Living Museum, Dudley. It was built in 1912.

A close-up view of the 10h.p. car that's on display at the Black Country Living Museum.

A close-up view of the Turner Ten.

An advert from 1913.

In 1914 the company began to produce cars under the ‘Universal’ name for the Universal Car Company of London.

The cars sold for £250 but the First World War intervened and car production ceased in favour of components and machine tools for the war effort.

The 'Universal' from 1914.

In 1919 Turners became involved in an unfortunate venture with Varley Woods. The Varley Woods cars were unsuccessful and the venture ended when Turners obtained a winding-up order against Varley Woods for non payment of rent on their Wolverhampton premises.

An advert from 1923.

Turner cars eventually reappeared in 1923 with the 'Twelve Forty' which sold for £375.

The same year saw the appearance of the 'Twelve Twenty' which was powered by a 4 cylinder 1496c.c. Dorman engine. It had a 3 speed gearbox, electric lighting and starter.

The following year saw the introduction of the ‘Colonial’ model that was powered by a 2litre Meadows engine. Unfortunately the company found it difficult to compete with the larger manufacturers, and as a result car production ended in 1928, in favour of production of components for the motor and aircraft industries.

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