Guy Motors Company History
|
Guy Motors Ltd. was founded by Sidney Guy, who had been the
works manager of Sunbeam. He left them in 1913 and immediately set up Guy
Motors having a new factory built at Fallings Park, Wolverhampton. It seems,
from the fact that two prototype lorries from 1913 are said still to be in
existence and that new companies and new factories have to be financed, that
this was no sudden move but one which Sidney Guy had planned. However
it does seem that there was no love lost between him and Sunbeam and he is
said to have declared, on leaving them, that he would buy them out one day.
 |
Sidney Guy in a photo taken in
the mid-1920s. |
A good deal of new industrial development was taking place
in the Fallings Park area at the time. Previously industry in
Wolverhampton had kept closer to the town centre and to the canal and
railway network. But by this time there was less reliance on these modes
of transport, particularly in the motor industry, and, in any event, no
space would have been available nearer the centre, especially for the
new factories which required greater floor space. Guy’s new factory
opened in 1914.
|
| Their first product was a lorry but they had hardly
started production when the First World War broke out and production
was taken over by the Ministry of Munitions. Guy’s produced large
numbers of military vehicles. They also became the largest UK
manufacturer of depth charge firing mechanisms and also produced
large numbers of aero engines. |

Guy's factory at the time of its greatest
extent
|
|
The war was certainly advantageous to Guy’s commercially. It
cannot be said how the company would have fared had the war not come along
but, by the time it ended, the company had a large, well equipped plant, up
and running, and an established name.
Immediately after the war there was very little production,
partly on account of a world wide recession and partly on account of the
vehicle market being flooded with army surplus. But the war had demonstrated
the reliability and usefulness of motorised transport, and had produced a
large number of people who knew how to drive. This produced a rising market,
which Guy’s were able to get into.
When civilian vehicle production re-started in 1919 Guy
started to produce lorries and his first charabanc. Those two lines were to
be the basis of the company’s future but they also embarked on a number of
experiments which were less successful. They produced a road/rail vehicle,
an electric vehicle chassis and a gas lorry running on charcoal. In 1919
they produced the Guy car, of which about 200 were produced, production
ending in 1922.
|
 |
In the inter-war years Guy’s developed and produced a
range of lorries, buses and, from 1926, trolley buses, all of which
incorporated innovative features. Sometime in the
1920 Guy’s adopted the "Feathers in our Cap" slogan, with the Red
Indian head following somewhat later.
In 1928 Guy’s took over the almost bankrupt Star vehicle
company in an exchange of shares, and production of their cars continued
for some time thereafter, finally ceasing, for lack of sales, in 1932.
It seems that Guy’s were not sufficiently profitable to
be able to make the investment needed to keep Star going and were,
indeed, themselves in financial difficulties. But another world war was
came along.
|
| During the 30s Guy’s had established a useful
connection with the War Department in the development and supply of
military vehicles. At the outbreak of the war the Government’s
immediate reaction was to halt the production of all buses. By the
time they reversed that decision Guy Motors were the only company
available with the spare capacity to produce buses. So this
they did, in great numbers, during the war. |
|
On the basis of a successful war, from 1946 onwards
Guy continued to develop and produce new buses, trolley buses and
lorries, at one point becoming one of the largest such manufacturers
in the country. They also had very large export sales.
In 1948 they acquired Sunbeam-Karrier, thus enabling
Sydney Guy to buy out at least what was left of Sunbeam. Production
of Sunbeam trolley buses and Karrier buses continued for a while at
the Moorfields site but by 1953 the Karrier name had been dropped
and all production moved to Fallings Park. By now the works at
Fallings Park covered 14 acres and up to 1,500 people were employed.
During the later 50s the company became financially unsound. It
is certainly arguable that their bus and lorry designs (trolley buses having
by then been abandoned nationwide) were not on the leading edge and sales
seem to have been falling off. Profits were non-existent. |
 |
| The company then ventured onto the development and
production of the Wulfruna bus. It turned out that this vehicle was
ahead of its time and beyond Guy’s capacity to get right. Further
the company had lost a great deal of money in an ill judged attempt
to replace their agents in southern Africa with their own
distribution network. In October 1961 the company, with losses of
around £600,00, but with stock and assets of about £2.5 million,
went into receivership. |
 |
It was bought by Jaguar Cars and renamed Guy Motors
(Europe) Ltd.. Jaguar already had an interest in buses, Daimler
being within their organisation. Production of Guy-badged lorries
continued until 1964 when they were replaced by the Big Jaguar
range. In 1966 Jaguars became part of the ill-starred and
ill-remembered British Motor Corporation (later British Leyland),
who had plenty of other bus and lorry makers within their group.
Production continued at Fallings Park but increasing competition,
both nationally and internationally, lead to falling sales. Guy’s
started to assemble Scammel tractor units, as a way of using spare
capacity, but all production ceased in 1978.
The decline and fall of Guy’s had contributed greatly to the
general economic decline of Wolverhampton in the 1970s and to rising
unemployment.
|
| This painting of the factory,
presumably based on a photograph, appeared in "Where Industry and
Agriculture Meet", a booklet about Wolverhampton and its surrounding
countryside, produced by Guys in 1953. |
 |
| Other Guy Pages: |
 |
View photos of Guy buses of
the 1950's |
 |
Guy vehicles in Wolverhampton
fleet |
 |
Return to Guy buses and
trolley buses |
|
Return to the
list
of manufacturers |
|